The air screen cleaner removes impurities with large differences in volume/specific gravity by “sieving + air separation”, while the gravity separator separates and selects by “specific gravity + airflow/vibration”. The combination of the two can completely remove impurities and bad beans from beans.
I. Cleaning Principle of the Air-Screen Cleaner
Screening to Remove Impurities of Different Sizes: Beans are separated from impurities by using screens with different apertures.
Large Impurities (Straws, Stones, Large Ear Coils):These are intercepted by the coarse screen and cannot pass through the sieve openings.
Small Impurities (Soil, Fine Sand, Crumbs): These pass through the fine screen openings and are separated from the beans.
Some Irregularly Shaped Particles:Irregularly shaped or excessively large/small foreign objects are also screened out.
Air Separation to Remove Impurities of Different Specific Gravity: Airflow generated by a fan separates materials according to their specific gravity.
Light Impurities (Broken Leaves, Husks, Dried Weed Seeds): These are blown away by the airflow and fall into the light impurity collection bin.
Normal Beans: These have a higher specific gravity and cannot be moved by the airflow; they fall down the channel to the next step.
Some Light and Damaged Particles (e.g., Dried Beans, Slightly Moldy Light Particles): These are separated along with the light impurities.
II. Cleaning Principle of the Gravity Compressor (Precise Separation of Damaged and High-Quality Beans)
Stratification Based on Gravity Difference: The equipment uses vibration or airflow to create a loose layer of beans.
High-Quality Beans: These have a higher specific gravity and sink to the bottom of the layer, moving upwards.
Damaged Beans (Insect-damaged, Moldy, Shriveled, Immature): These have a lower specific gravity and float on the surface, moving downwards.
Heavy Impurities (Small Stones, Metal Shavings): These have a much higher specific gravity than the beans and sink to the bottom, being discharged separately.
Directional Separation and Collection: Through a grading channel, the high-quality beans at the bottom, the damaged beans on the surface, and the heavy impurities at the bottom are guided to different outlets, achieving precise sorting.
The cleaning efficiency of air-screen cleaners and gravity separators is mainly affected by three categories of factors: material characteristics, equipment parameters, and operating conditions. While the core influencing factors differ slightly, the underlying logic is the same.
I. Common Influencing Factors (Both are affected)
Material Characteristics
Material Moisture: Excessive moisture leads to particle adhesion and screen blockage, reducing stratification and screening efficiency.
Material Purity: Higher initial impurity content results in a heavier equipment load and lower cleaning efficiency.
Particle Uniformity: Large differences in particle size and shape, such as in beans, affect screening accuracy and gravity stratification speed.
Operating Conditions
Feed Rate: Excessive feed leads to an excessively thick material layer, preventing airflow penetration and causing screen blockage; insufficient feed results in low equipment utilization.
Equipment Condition: Damaged screens, malfunctioning vibrating motors, and blocked airflow channels directly reduce cleaning efficiency.
II. Factors Affecting Air Screen Cleaning Machines
Screening Parameters
Screen Size: The size and shape of the screen openings (round, rectangular) must match the material particle size; otherwise, impurities cannot be effectively separated.
Vibration Frequency / Amplitude: Insufficient vibration intensity prevents the material from being fully dispersed; excessive intensity can cause particles to bounce excessively, affecting screening accuracy.
Air Separation Parameters
Airflow Velocity: Too low an airflow velocity will not remove light impurities; too high an airflow velocity will carry away normal material, resulting in waste.
Airflow Distribution: Uneven airflow can lead to incomplete cleaning in certain areas, leaving impurities behind.
III. Factors Affecting Gravity Meters
Layering Parameters
Vibration Intensity / Angle: Vibration parameters determine the looseness of the material layer; an improper angle will affect the movement direction of light and heavy particles.
Airflow Pressure: The airflow must be just enough to make light impurities and bad particles float; insufficient pressure results in indistinct layering, while excessive pressure disrupts the material layer.
Equipment Structure
Screen Surface Inclination Angle: The inclination angle affects the material movement speed; too steep an angle leads to insufficient separation time, while too gentle an angle results in low efficiency.
Graded channel design: The channel width and guide plate angle directly affect the separation and collection effect of light and heavy materials.
Corn and wheat kernels are relatively large and often contain corn cobs and stalk fragments. The air screen cleaning machine can quickly separate these large impurities and prevent equipment blockage during processing.
Post time: Nov-17-2025
